Experimental study of pedestrian flow through a bottleneck

In this work the results of a bottleneck experiment with pedestrians are presented in the form of total times, fluxes, specific fluxes, and time gaps. A main aim was to find the dependence of these values from the bottleneck width. The results show a linear decline of the specific flux with increasing width as long as only one person at a time can pass, and a constant value for larger bottleneck widths. Differences between small (one person at a time) and wide bottlenecks (two persons at a time) were also found in the distribution of time gaps.Comment: accepted for publication in J. Stat. Mec

Pedestrian, Crowd, and Evacuation Dynamics

This contribution describes efforts to model the behavior of individual pedestrians and their interactions in crowds, which generate certain kinds of self-organized patterns of motion. Moreover, this article focusses on the dynamics of crowds in panic or evacuation situations, methods to optimize building designs for egress, and factors potentially causing the breakdown of orderly motion.Comment: This is a review paper. For related work see http://www.soms.ethz.c

Post-test calculations for FAL-19 and FAL-20 using the ITHACA code

HSE Co-ordinated Nuclear Safety Research ProgrammeAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:9091.9(AEA-RS--3367) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

The EGRESS code for human movement and behaviour in emergency evacuations

Paper presented at the Int. Conf. on Engineering for Crowd Safety, London (GB), 17-18 March 1993Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:8723.2688(EU-AIAI-TR--123) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo